The importance of Sharks 

For Oceans survival the existence of sharks is important and to maintain sharks in our oceans is imperative, sharks help with the overpopulation of species to keep corals healthy, with this action they help the economy of fishing business and new medical discoveries.

Sharks appeared on the planet 300 million years ago. They are currently found in oceans and seas around the world.

Sharks are in great danger due to human activities. Our way to see sharks resides in the way entertainment companies such as cinema makes them see with movies like jaws, in the deep, etc. For the other hand there is enough time to change the way we are wiping out sharks and help them recover from a close extinction with options to protect them, learn how to avoid dangerous situations and be inform about where sharks immigrate.

It is very hard to keep a balance between the sharks that get killed or die and the sharks that are born every day, these because most sharks are mammals and general they only have 3 to 4 alevin per pregnancy which takes around 36 to 42 months. There are some species of sharks that are oviparous that can place over 110 eggs from which in most cases only hatched Most of the sharks are mammals, but a few are oviparous which only around 25 to 50 hatched. In both cases after they are born the probability that all alevins may survive it´s growth is very slow making them susceptible to all the predators like barracudas. Sharks reach their sexual maturity late and have low fertility rates. When we killed more sharks that the number of sharks that are growing their population decreases making it another main cause of shark's dangers.

If we compare the number of sharks that are born and the number of sharks that are killed there is no balance and that's the reason why sharks are endangered.

Sharks are a very important specie for humans and oceans ecosystems, but why is that ?,

The reason is that sharks are one of the top predators in the oceans playing the big role of keeping under control the overpopulation of the species that inhabit these ecosystems allowing to keep the balance and acting indirectly to keep safe the corals reef by changing the environment, cycling nutrients, and reducing disease.

When sharks are missing there is less herbivores and for this the macroalgae has the opportunity to expand and extinguishing the coral because is unable to compete with it, hereby the fish the fish decide to leave the corals because of the lack of food and as consequence of the fish leaving the conditions in the environment starts to change, making it uninhabitable for other species these causing the corals dead and with it the death of other species.

As proven by the North Carolina Studies showed that the lack of these predators caused an overpopulation of rays, as a result the hungry rays ate all comb caletors, without any more food the rays start eating bivalves for these the fish market had to close.

Sharks have also contribute to science and new medical treatments thanks to their genomes, some treatments are prove to help heal quickly from wounds, effective for resisting infections, prevent hospital-acquired infections, minimize the need for antibiotics provide a way to fight Alzheimer´s disease and even finding new ways to fight cancer, among other contributions that sharks have man according to the scientific association CICESE.

Sharks are also related with the economy, because the sharks eat the species below them affects indirectly because they keep the balance in the population and by not maintaining a balance the other species start eating everything making marine business such as fish market, tourism, among others. Without sharks they probably close.

People believes about sharks has a very high impact that's why industries that gave sharks a bad name like some movies that makes us believe that we are on a sharks diet. The truth is that humans are not in sharks diets but most of the times the attacks are because they confused humans shape with their favorite food which is a seal, other times is because they feel threaten and other times because of the chum people used to attract sharks to their cages in order to watch them, but sharks doesn't see very well which cause them to attack very fast and not be able to stop.

These believes have led people to start killing sharks as a sport, to eat or even commercialize their fins and even in alternative medicine.

The risk of a shark attack remained extremely low in 2021.Nine people lost their lives in 2021, for "unprovoked" shark bites, a tiny number compared to the estimated 100 million sharks that are killed every year.

Sharks are not as aggressive and dangerous as industries picture them, what has been causing a great fear and terror to people, therefore is less people willing to help support the causes that helps sharks, considering more than 20 species of sharks endangered out of 307 around the world and out of the 307 only 27 are consider dangerous to human kind.

Sharks are endangered, every day their population decreases, confirming the damage that sharks suffer every day.

Marine Biologist Peter Kayne explain "more than half species evaluated have been classified as minor preoccupation, greatly thanks to the introduction of limit fishing, nevertheless a lot of species in danger", coming to realize that one of the reasons sharks are endangered is overfishing.

Sharks reach their sexual maturity late, have low fertility rates and the growth of the alevins are slow, making them more susceptible to hungry predators as barracudas. When we killed more sharks that the number of sharks that are growing their population decreases making it another main cause of shark's dangers.

One of the main reasons why sharks are endangered is the fishing of the sharks Fin. A lot of criminals that commits illegal shark fishing, they fish over 100,000 sharks for their fins per year , when the sharks lack their fins they are unable to swim or eat and end been eating by other sharks or just drowned.

Another serious problem that sharks are facing is global warming due to the pollution and smog that humans generates, plastic residues, toxic waste that we have been discharging into the oceans all these years, affecting the sharks and far more the marine creatures.

The university of Miami has dedicated a lot of research to conservation and investigation, and they affirm Global Warming is particularly challenging for big mammals with great mobility such as sharks. Owing that the temperature of its body depends on its external environment and tat these mammals have an ideal range of temperature, even the slightest fluctuation can affect their functionality.

A shark needs to be in constant movement and current temperature waters. These habitats are losing their normal temperatures pushing sharks to the North (New York, North Carolina, etc.)

Warmer water is not only uncomfortable, but makes the shark cardiac frequency and metabolism go faster, which raise their need for oxygen, and this causes more appearances in the beaches people go to vacation making an unprovoked shark attack.

Since 1950, world shark catches have tripled and reached their highest level in history in 2000, with 888 thousand tons surpassing any other event of one of the most important animals with unique characteristics as they have the most unique teeth in the animal kingdom and improved sensory systems, making sharks one of the most unique animals around the world and we could be witnessing its extinction without a radical change.

There have been a lot of Marine Biologists involve in the recovery of shark population and one of the efforts was made by a Marine Biologist Peter Kyne, also a doctor working for the University of Charles Darwin and coordinator of the UICN red list, leading a specialist group in sharks (SSG) which is made up of 174 experts from 55 countries.

There's been a lot of Marine Biologists involve helping recover shark population and one of the efforts was made by a Marine Biologist Peter Kyne, also a doctor working for the University of Charles Darwin and coordinator of the UICN red list, leading a specialist group in sharks (SSG) which is made up of 174 experts from 55 countries.

For the other hand there is another Marine Biologist trying to help this misunderstood animals, her name is Shasta Pulido from the innovation Secretary, investigation and higher education from the state of Yucatan, Mexico.

One of the solutions is to create a shark sanctuary to preserve the life that lives in the depths of the Ocean. Also, the ONU wanted to be part of this change at the expense of a Globally Ocean treaty in the ONU framework, that guarantees the protection of these sanctuaries, allowing to restock the shark population species.

Other solution that may help is informing the people around you about the importance of sharks, spreading out information that is true that can help sharks, buy sustainable sourced food to reduce the impact of by catch, fly with airlines that doesn't transport shark fins and learn about their behavior.

As a Marine Biologist specialize in sharks says, "the best and easiest solution is learned how to coexist with everything in our surroundings".

In light of the above I just want to remark the importance of sharks to the oceans and humans, letting clear how we can also help take care of these animals, save them and make changes of the things we eat and buy, one of the main things we have to change is how industries picture sharks so people will see sharks in a different way and will be willing to help sharks instead of encourage its killing. To help sharks is a great benefit to humans and the planet.

Sources

https://www.blueplanetaquarium.com/sharks/why-are-sharks-endangered/

https://www.fundacionaquae.org/wiki/17-especies-de-tiburon-en-peligro-de-extincion/

https://www.muyinteresante.com.mx/junior/por-que-los-tiburones-se-encuentran-en-peligro-de-extincion/

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-55830732

https://fcvoters.org/2021/07/13/el-cambio-climatico-pone-en-peligro-a-los-tiburones/?lang=es